x PREFACE.  

Mohammedans are, as it were, defrauded of their faith in Christ by the counterfeit obtruding itself to their vision, and intercepting their heart's ready trust in a Mediator and Saviour, of whom they stand as much in need as other men. Islam has an undoubted tendency to engender in its votaries an excessive sense of religious superiority, and a contempt for every other faith and its professors. The Moslems are not accustomed to examine into the foundation and proofs of their own religion. They are taught to look upon the question 'Why?' in matters of religion, as blamable rather than laudable. They take for granted that their Islam is the Divine revelation in the absolute sense, and their Prophet the seal and chief of all other prophets. They have to be taught to think and reason, to ask for proof and weigh evidence, to rise from a blind faith to an enlightened faith. When once they consent to learn that all the boasted equality or superiority of Mohammed to Christ rests on mere fiction, devoid of all foundation in fact; and if their Governments make religious liberty a reality, — then we may hope that they will as readily enter the common bond of European Christianity, as they have already begun to adopt the advantages of European civilisation.
I trust it will not be deemed unbecoming in one, who has spent the best part of his life in seeking to interpret Christ and Christianity to the Mohammedans, to have devoted some of his declining years to this present attempt of interpreting Mohammed and Mohammedanism to the Christians. May it prove useful in fostering a true, i.e. a Christian, estimation of Mohammed and Mohammedanism, and in stimulating the zeal of the Church of Christ to promote amongst our Moslem fellow-men the Kingdom of God and of Christ, which is a Kingdom of Truth!

S. W. KOELLE.

RICHMOND HOUSE,
28 LILLIE ROAD, FULHAM, LONDON.
In Advent 1888.

 

CONTENTS

BOOK I.

MOHAMMED VIEWED IN THE DAYLIGHT OF HISTORY.

 

Page

HE IS TO BE UNDERSTOOD IN HIS RELATION TO HIS SURROUNDINGS,

1,2

CHAPTER I.

MOHAMMED DEVELOPING INTO THE PROPHET HE BECAME, OR HIS HISTORY UP TO THE FORTIETH YEAR OF HIS LIFE,

3,71

I. The Political Factor,

3,17

II. The Religious Factor,

17,28

III. The Ancestral or Family Factor,

28,36

IV. The Ancestral or Family Factor,

36,48

V. The Product of the afore-mentioned Factors, or Mohammed as summing the character of a prophet and messenger of God,

48,71

CHAPTER II.

MOHAMMED EXERCISING THE PROPHETIC MISSION HE CLAIMED, OR HIS HISTORY DURING THE LAST TWENTY-THREE YEARS OF HIS LIFE

72,241

Essential Inward Union of the Meccan and Medinan Periods, notwithstanding their Outward Difference,

72,75

I. Mohammed's ill success in seeking recognition as the Prophet of Islam, or the Meccan Period of his Public Life, from about the Fortieth to the Fifty-Third Year of his age,

76,115

  1. Mohammed's diffident start as a Prophet,

76,77

  2. Mohammed's earliest converts,

77,85

  3. A further increase in the number of converts emboldens Mohammed, but, at the same time, arouses persecution,

85,88

  4. Mohammed finds safety from persecution by removing to the house of Arkam; and his believers by emigrating to Abyssinia,

88,89

  5. Mohammed, by sacrificing principles, enters into a compromise with the Koreish,

90,92