8 PREFACE

works in which the translated passages will be found in the original languages.

I have used an exact system of transliteration for Arabic names (except in the case of the cities of Mecca and Medina), but it is one which to Arabic scholars will need no explanation. A shorter work of mine on the same subject appeared in Persian in 1900 under the title of Yanabi'ul Islam. It was very favourably reviewed 1 by that veteran scholar Sir W. Muir, to whom all students of Islam are so much indebted for his able works on the history of Muhammad and his successors, and has since been translated into Urdu and Arabic. Sir W. Muir has also published an English epitome of the little book. The present work is the result of further study, and has been written at the invitation of many friends, who wished to have the whole matter treated from an English standpoint, which was undesirable when I first dealt with the subject in an Eastern tongue and therefore from an Oriental point of view.

W. S. C. T.


1 In the Nineteenth Century for December, 1900.
Note. The Frontispiece is not quite the same vignette as that described and explained in pp. 203-5.
 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

PAGE

PREFACE

 

 

7

CHAPTER I.

INTRODUCTORY

 

11

CHAPTER II.

INFLUENCE OF ANCIENT ARABIAN BELIEFS AND PRACTICES

 

29

APPENDIX TO CHAPTER II.

 

47

CHAPTER III.

INFLUENCE OF SABIAN AND JEWISH IDEAS AND PRACTICES

 

51

CHAPTER IV.

INFLUENCE OF CHRISTIANITY AND CHRISTIAN APOCRYPHAL BOOKS

 

136

CHAPTER V.

ZOROASTRIAN ELEMENTS IN THE QUR'AN AND TRADITIONS OF ISLAM

 

212

CHAPTER VI.

THE HANIF AND THEIR INFLUENCE UPON NASCENT ISLAM. CONCLUSION.

 

260

INDEX

 

281


VIGNETTE

THE JUDGMENT HALL OF OSIRIS, FROM THE EGYPTIAN "BOOK OF THE DEAD"

Frontpiece